MacArthur,J. Second Front. 1992
MacArthur, John R. Second Front: Censorship and Propaganda in the Gulf War.
New York: Hill and Wang, 1992. 260 pages.
John R. MacArthur, publisher of Harper's Magazine and a director of
the J. Roderick MacArthur Foundation, has been called a "trust fund brat"
by some who have felt the sting of his criticism. But that's usually the
best they can do, because it's clear that a shift in the standards of the
media profession has been underway since Vietnam. Advertising and public
relations -- the use of information for the purpose of marketing -- is one
way to describe this change.
The $10.8 million Kuwaiti account at Hill and Knowlton, a public
relations firm, spoon-fed propaganda to the American people. One example is
their story about Iraqi troops pulling babies out of incubators; this was
lapped up and repeated by everyone from Amnesty International to George
Bush. It was a masterful bit of PR, particularly since it was also a
complete fabrication. Not to be outdone by H & K, the Pentagon imposed
the same "journalist pool" system they used during Grenada in 1983 and
Panama in 1989, and controlled all news from the front. Vietnam-style
reporting, where cameramen were free to capture images of human suffering,
is now replaced with images from nose cameras in smart bombs, courtesy of
the Pentagon. After the war, the enthusiasm for pool journalism began to
wear off, as some reporters finally realized that they had been used.
ISBN 0-8090-8517-8
- ABU-HAMAD AZIZ (61-3, 68-9, 240)
- AILES ROGER E (42, 228)
- AKERS CHUCK (172)
- ALBRIGHT JOSEPH MEDILL PATTERSON (182)
- ALLISON LEW (50)
- ALPERT JON (244-5)
- ALSOP JOSEPH WRIGHT (120, 129)
- ALTER JONATHAN H (89, 209)
- ALVAREZ ROBERTO (CBS) (179-80)
- AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL (57, 59, 66-9, 74-5)
- ANNUNZIATA LUCIA (184-5)
- APPLE R.W. (JOHNNY) JR (NYT) (102)
- ARENS MOSHE (72)
- ARKIN WILLIAM M (161)
- ARLEDGE ROONE (17, 33)
- ARLEN MICHAEL (134)
- ARNETT PETER (122, 125, 129-30, 137-8, 188, 229)
- AUSTIN JEANIE (99)
- BALZAR JOHN (163)
- BANDAR BIN SULTAN (3-7, 14)
- BARBOUR HALEY (99)
- BARNES ED (TIME MAGAZINE) (154, 156-7, 161)
- BATTEN JAMES KNOX (199-200, 219)
- BAZOFT FARZAD (38-9)
- BEECHER WILLIAM (149)
- BEHBEHANI IBRAHIM (62, 64-5, 73-4)
- BLUFF PETER (179)
- BOCCARDI LOUIS D (199-201)
- BOCXE WESLEY (202)
- BOETTCHER MIKE (194)
- BORGER GLORIA (228)
- BOXER BARBARA (D-CA) (231)
- BRACK DENNIS (152)
- BRACK REGINALD (231)
- BRADLEE BENJAMIN C (146-7, 150, 187, 205-9, 218)
- BRAESTRUP PETER (135)
- BRENDER MARK (ABC NEWS) (173-5)
- BRODER DAVID S (210)
- BROKAW TOM (146, 180, 197-8, 212)
- BROOKS GERALDINE (186-7)
- BROWNE DON (221-2)
- BROWNE MALCOLM (202, 236)
- BRUMBACK CHARLES T (21-2)
- BRUNI FRANK (192)
- BUCKLEY KEVIN (144)
- BUSH GEORGE H.W. (65-7)
- CALDERA JUAN (179-80)
- CALLEY WILLIAM L JR (137)
- CARPOZI GEORGE JR (70)
- CENTER MEDIA PUBLIC AFFAIRS (110)
- CHANCELLOR JOHN (76)
- CHENEY RICHARD BRUCE (200-1)
- CHENEY STEVE (AP) (82, 85, 87)
- CITIZENS FREE KUWAIT (46-50, 61, 237-8)
- CLIFTON TONY (146, 209)
- CLOUD STANLEY WILLS (9, 11-2, 23-4, 30, 35-6, 152, 155-7)
- COBURN JUDITH (21)
- COCKBURN ALEXANDER (68)
- COCKBURN PATRICK (186, 246-7)
- CODY EDWARD (141)
- COFFEY C SHELBY III (185)
- COFFEY JOAN (34)
- COHEN BARBARA (3, 6, 23)
- CONGRESSIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS FOUNDATION (60-1)
- CONNIFF FRANK (120)
- CORDESMAN ANTHONY H (109-11)
- CROWE WILLIAM J JR (ADM) (93)
- DANIEL E CLIFTON (126-7)
- DE BORCHGRAVE ARNAUD (193-5)
- DE FRANK THOMAS M (12, 97-8)
- DE PARLE JASON (151)
- DECKER JUDI (81-2)
- DEMAREST DAVID F (97)
- DISPATCH NEWS SERVICE (137)
- DOLE ROBERT J (R-KS) (39)
- DONALDSON SAM (162, 175, 211-2)
- DONG PHAM VAN (130-1)
- DRAPER THEODORE (149)
- DUGAN MICHAEL J (GEN) (109)
- DUTTON FREDERICK GARY (5-6, 11, 14)
- DYER GWYNNE (37)
- EBRAHEEM HASSAN AL- (45-53, 59, 237-9)
- EDWARDS BOB (NPR) (204)
- ELAHI MARYAM (58-9)
- ELEGANT ROBERT (132)
- FAAS HORST (125)
- FAHD KING (FAHD IBN ABD AL-AZIZ AL SAUD) (4)
- FAMIGLIETTA RALPH (81, 84-5)
- FEURBRINGER OTTO (121)
- FIALKA JOHN J (182)
- FISK ROBERT (LONDON) (181-4)
- FITZ-PEGADO LAURI J (50, 64)
- FITZWATER MARLIN (10-1, 97-8)
- FLETCHER MARTIN (110, 220)
- FRANKEL MAX (136, 202-3, 218)
- FRANKLIN JONATHAN (FREELANCE JOURNALIST) (245)
- FULLER CRAIG L (49, 98)
- FUSSELL PAUL (147-8)
- GABRIEL RICHARD A (107)
- GARTNER MICHAEL GAY (25-6, 33, 220-1, 223, 244-5)
- GELLMAN BARTON DAVID (163-4)
- GERGEN DAVID R (142)
- GETLER MICHAEL (12, 23-4, 158-61, 207)
- GIBSON JAMES WILLIAM (128)
- GINGRICH NEWTON L (R-GA) (72)
- GLASPIE APRIL CATHERINE (40-1)
- GLASS ANDREW (15, 17, 30-1, 164, 194-6)
- GNEHM EDWARD W (239-40)
- GOLD VICTOR (98-9)
- GOLDMAN KEVIN (101)
- GOODMAN WALTER (146)
- GRAHAM DONALD EDWARD (23-4, 34, 207)
- GRAHAM KATHARINE (199-200, 207-9)
- GRAHAM VICTORIA (AP) (64)
- GRALNICK JEFF (205)
- GRAY ROBERT KEITH (49, 248)
- GREEN DAVID (CBS) (179)
- GREER GERMAINE (44-5)
- GUILLEN MICHAEL (93)
- HAASS RICHARD N (97)
- HALBERSTAM DAVID (115-25)
- HALLIN DANIEL (132-4, 136)
- HARWOOD RICHARD (210-1)
- HAWIL ALI AL- (62)
- HAYES JIMMY (D-LA) (73)
- HEADLINE BILL (3, 6, 22-3)
- HEALEY JOHN G (AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL) (67, 74)
- HEARST WILLIAM RANDOLPH JR (129)
- HEARST WILLIAM RANDOLPH SR (233)
- HEDGES CHRISTOPHER LYNN (202)
- HEDGES MICHAEL (192-3)
- HELLER JEAN (173, 176)
- HERGER WALLY (56-7)
- HERR MICHAEL (138, 150-1)
- HERSH SEYMOUR M (136-7)
- HERTSGAARD MARK (141)
- HIGGINS MARGUERITE (120)
- HILL KNOWLTON COMPANY (46-51, 57-61, 63-5, 237-8)
- HIRO DILIP (37, 232-3)
- HOFFMAN FRED S (PENTAGON) (144-5)
- HORROCK NICHOLAS (21-2, 182, 219)
- HORWITZ TONY (186-7, 196-7)
- HOYT CLARK (15)
- HUMPHRIES ARTHUR A (LT CDR) (138-40, 145)
- HUNT ALBERT R (12)
- HUSSEIN FAUD MULLA (48)
- HUSSEIN SADDAM (37-42)
- HYMEL GARY G (59, 238)
- INGLE ROBERT (21)
- INGRASSIA MICHELE (108)
- ISHINO CATHE (85)
- ISMAIL QASM (76)
- JENNINGS PETER (22, 68, 91-4, 109-11, 162, 212, 241-2)
- JOHNSON CORY (156)
- JOHNSON PAUL (AUTHOR) (76-7)
- JOHNSON TOM (CNN) (33, 132, 188)
- JOLIDON LAURENCE (182)
- KALBFELD BRAD (82)
- KARP WALTER (94, 115)
- KAUFMAN MICHAEL (141)
- KEATING PETER (MAJ) (202)
- KENT ARTHUR (180, 222)
- KHAFAJI FAHIMA (74)
- KING ROBERT (TOM LANTOS AIDE) (61)
- KIRK DON (USA TODAY) (186, 188)
- KNIGHT JOHN SHIVELY (218-9)
- KNIGHTLEY PHILLIP (51-3, 129, 134-5, 137)
- KOLAW BECKY (CAPT) (170)
- KOVACH WILLIAM (72)
- KRAUTHAMMER CHARLES (102)
- KURKJIAN STEPHEN (15-7, 20)
- LANTOS TOM (D-CA) (59-61, 239)
- LELYVELD JOSEPH (35)
- LEVENTHAL PAUL (235-6)
- LEWIS ANTHONY (NYT) (72-3)
- LEWIS BERNARD (129-30)
- LEWIS CHARLES J (29)
- LICHTY LAWRENCE W (132-4, 136)
- LIEBLING ABBOTT JOSEPH (94, 121)
- MALEK FREDERIC V (98)
- MANDELBAUM MICHAEL E (132-3, 135)
- MANKIEWICZ FRANK (49, 61)
- MARRO ANTHONY J (34-5)
- MARTIN DAVID CLARK (107-8)
- MARTIN JOHN (ABC) (73-5)
- MARTON KATI I (242)
- MASSING MICHAEL (149)
- MATAR MOHAMMED (73)
- MATSUMOTO GARY (113, 170, 189-92)
- MAXWELL ROBERT (PUBLISHER) (226)
- MCCAIN CINDY HENSLEY (75)
- MCCAIN JOHN S III (R-AZ) (75, 109)
- MCCARTHY MARY (WRITER) (149)
- MCCLOSKEY PAUL N JR (PETE) (21)
- MCCORMICK ROBERT R (COL) (218-9)
- MCDANIEL ANN (96-9)
- MCGROARTY DANIEL (97)
- MCKEOWN BOB (CBS) (196)
- MCMANUS JASON D (23, 231, 247-8)
- MEETER STEVE (237)
- MEGGS PHILIP (79-80)
- MENCKEN H L (94)
- METCALF JOSEPH (VADM) (143)
- MEYERSOHN JON (143-4)
- MIDDLE EAST WATCH (61, 66, 68, 74, 240)
- MOHR CHARLES (120-1)
- MOORE BILL (LT COL) (192-3)
- MOORE MOLLY (158-62, 180-1)
- MORRIS JOE ALEX (185-6)
- MOYERS BILL D (125, 242)
- MOYNIHAN DANIEL PATRICK (D-NY) (44)
- MULLER HENRY (TIME MAGAZINE) (23, 33)
- MULVEY WILLIAM (COL) (179)
- MUTAWA FATIMA (65)
- NATIONAL ENDOWMENT DEMOCRACY (61)
- NEAR JAY M (219)
- NELSON JACK HOWARD (L.A.TIMES) (12, 111, 188, 214)
- NEUHARTH ALLEN HAROLD (225)
- NEWHOUSE DONALD EDWARD (199-200)
- NEWSWEEK MAGAZINE (88-91, 96-101)
- NICHOLAS NICK J JR (23)
- NOLTE CARL (182-3)
- OBER ERIC (23, 33, 216)
- OBRIEN TOM (MAJ) (191)
- OBRIEN TONY (154)
- PALEY WILLIAM SAMUEL (135)
- PELL CLAIBORNE (D-RI) (72)
- PERRY MERTON (120)
- PETERZELL JAY (11-2, 152-4, 156)
- PHILLIPS DAVID (CHRF) (60)
- PICKERING THOMAS REEVE (63)
- PORTER JOHN EDWARD (R-IL) (59-61)
- POSTOL THEODORE A (162)
- POWELL COLIN LUTHER (203-4)
- PULITZER JOSEPH JR (233)
- PYLE ERNIE (148, 169)
- QUAYLE DAN (73, 98)
- QUESADA ALARCON DE (63)
- RAINES HOWELL HIRAM (12, 29, 31-2, 35)
- RATHER DAN (101, 212-7)
- RIDENHOUR RONALD L (137)
- ROBBERSON TOD (186-7)
- ROBERTS PAUL WILLIAM (243-4)
- RODDY PAT (91)
- ROJO A (EL MUNDO) (184)
- ROONEY ANDY (105)
- ROSEN SUMNER (35)
- ROSENBERG CAROL (170)
- ROSENBLATT ROGER (103-5)
- ROSENTHAL ABRAHAM MICHAEL (71, 218)
- ROSENTHAL ANDREW (236)
- ROSS STEVEN J (23, 231)
- ROSS THOMAS B (49)
- ROSTOW EUGENE VICTOR DEBS (125-6)
- RUNELS DICK (167-9)
- RUSK DEAN (130-1)
- RUSSERT TIMOTHY (3, 189-90, 221)
- SABAH SAUD NASIR AL- (50, 59)
- SACHS SUSAN (170, 177-8)
- SAFER MORLEY (125)
- SAFIRE WILLIAM L (71)
- SALISBURY HARRISON E (126-32, 217-9)
- SAND LEONARD B (35, 232)
- SAVAGE PAUL L (107)
- SAWYER FORREST (196, 221)
- SAYEGH FAWZIYYA AL- (62)
- SCHANBERG SYDNEY H (34)
- SCHEER ROBERT (149)
- SCHMEISSER PETER (35)
- SCHNITZLEIN ROBERT (155)
- SCHWARZKOPF H NORMAN (GEN) (107-9, 227-9, 246)
- SHALES TOM (108)
- SHATTI AHMED AL- (61)
- SHAW BERNARD (CNN) (188)
- SHEEHAN NEIL (117-8, 120-2)
- SHERMAN MICHAEL (CAPT) (166, 179)
- SHOEMAKER DON (211)
- SHUSTER ALVIN (185-8)
- SIDLE WINANT (GEN) (142)
- SIEGAL PEGGY (108)
- SIGURDSSON GISLI (67)
- SIMON BOB (CBS) (171, 178-80)
- SIMPSON ALAN K (R-WY) (39-40, 129-30)
- SIMPSON JOHN (BBC) (177, 185-8, 233, 243, 246)
- SLOYAN PATRICK J (16, 201)
- SMITH STEPHEN GRANT (EDITOR) (99-100)
- SMITH VAUGHAN (245)
- SOLARZ STEPHEN J (D-NY) (69-70, 72)
- SOLOMON NORMAN (8)
- SPIEGEL LUCY (164-7, 170)
- STACKS JOHN (152)
- STEPHENSON MICHELE (156)
- STILES SEAN (74)
- STONE ISIDOR FEINSTEIN (149)
- SULTAN FAWZI AL- (65)
- SULZBERGER ARTHUR OCHS (PUNCH) (202-3, 217, 219)
- SUMAIT ABDUL AL- (69)
- SUMAIT YAHYA AL- (54)
- SUNUNU JOHN H (98)
- SYLVESTER ARTHUR (129)
- SZULC TAD (121)
- TATE SHEILA B (98-9)
- TAYLOR BOB (PENTAGON PRESS AIDE) (15, 26)
- TAYLOR STEVE (CAPT) (191)
- TEELEY PETER B (99)
- THOMAS EVAN W III (12, 96, 99-100)
- THOMPSON KIM (VTS PRODUCTIONS) (85)
- TIME MAGAZINE (89-91)
- TISCH LAURENCE ALAN (20, 216)
- TORGERSON DIAL (185-6)
- TURNER TED (224-5)
- TYLER PATRICK E (186-7, 233)
- UDALL MORRIS K (D-AZ) (137)
- URRACA CLAUDE (142)
- VALENTI JACK J (125)
- VAN VOORST L BRUCE (157-8)
- VANN JOHN PAUL (117-8, 120, 122, 125)
- VARDY STEVE (80-1, 83, 86)
- VENTO BRUCE F (D-MN) (231-2)
- VIORST MILTON (48)
- WATSON GEORGE (3, 11, 17-9, 29)
- WEINRAUB BERNARD (12)
- WENNER JANN (101)
- WESTMORELAND WILLIAM C (GEN) (132)
- WHITE THEODORE H (114-5)
- WHITLEY ANDREW (61-2, 67, 75, 238-9)
- WIENER ROBERT (CNN) (188)
- WILDERMUTH RON (CAPT) (7)
- WILKINSON RAY (NEWSWEEK) (209)
- WILLIAMS DAN (L.A.TIMES) (184-5)
- WILLIAMS PETE (PENTAGON/NBC) (11-20, 24-33, 143, 149-50, 174-5, 189, 192-3, 195, 201-2, 246)
- WILLIS BRAD (181-2)
- WILSON JOSEPH C IV (AMB) (185)
- WIRTHLIN GROUP (50)
- WOLMAN JONATHAN (33)
- WOODWARD ROBERT UPSHUR (203-4)
- WRIGHT ROBERT C (94-5, 220-4)
- YOUSSEF FAYEZA (73)
- ZIMMERMAN PETER D (173-7)
- ZORTHIAN BARRY (193-4)
- ZUCKERMAN MORTIMER BENJAMIN (227-8)
name search
home page