Hawks,J. For a Good Cause? 1997
Hawks, John. For a Good Cause? -- How Charitable Institutions Become
Powerful Economic Bullies. Secaucus NJ: Birch Lane Press (Carol Publishing
Group), 1997. 240 pages.
When you think of the word "nonprofit," what comes to mind? Your
local church, PTA raffles, Boy Scouts, Salvation Army bell-ringers? They're
all still around, but you're 30 years behind. Since 1970, nonprofit groups
have grown four times faster than the U.S. economy as a whole. Now there
are 1.2 million of them. They control more than $1 trillion in assets,
and employ more people than the federal government and all fifty state
governments combined. To put it bluntly, the business of operating with
a tax exemption has become big business.
Federal tax laws for nonprofits are complex, having evolved over
nearly nine decades. Too many interests are at stake by now, and any
changes in the laws will be gradual at best. State and local laws almost
always defer to federal law; the states don't have enough lawyers to
redefine all this complexity. This "trickle-down" has a serious impact on
the tax base (such as sales and property taxes). But at the same time,
there's almost no enforcement at the federal level. Once a determination
is made, it's rare that this status is revoked for cause. The author feels
that this lack of regulation has led to serious abuses by nonprofits --
from fat salaries and unlimited expense accounts, to outright swindles.
ISBN 1-55972-387-4
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